Storm Surge Analysis (EM 1110-2-1412), Chapter 4: Related Effects

This chapter covers other effects that add to the water level during a storm. It covers direct rainfall, fluvial inflows, the astronomical tide, the initial water level before the storm, and wave setup.

These effects can add up and matter most inside estuaries and rivers, where rain and runoff arrive with the surge. The chapter explains how to account for each one so the design water level is not understated.

In this chapter

• General
• Direct Rainfall
• Fluvial Inflows
• Astronomical Tide
• Initial Water Level
• Wave Setup